Da farko, muna bukatar mu iyakance iyakar tattaunawar don guje wa yin ta ba daidai ba. Janareta da aka tattauna anan yana nufin injin janareta na AC maras gogewa, mai hawa uku, daga nan ana kiransa da “generator”.
Irin wannan janareta ya ƙunshi aƙalla manyan sassa uku, waɗanda za a ambata a cikin tattaunawa mai zuwa:
Babban janareta, ya kasu zuwa babban stator da babban rotor; Babban rotor yana ba da filin maganadisu, kuma babban stator yana samar da wutar lantarki don samar da kaya; Exciter, raba zuwa exciter stator da rotor; The exciter stator yana samar da filin maganadisu, rotor yana samar da wutar lantarki, kuma bayan gyara ta hanyar mai juyawa, yana ba da wutar lantarki ga babban na'ura; Atomatik Voltage Regulator (AVR) yana gano ƙarfin fitarwa na babban janareta, yana sarrafa halin yanzu na exciter stator coil, kuma ya cimma burin daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa na babban stator.
Bayanin aikin ƙarfafa ƙarfin lantarki na AVR
Manufar aiki na AVR shine kiyaye ingantaccen ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta, wanda akafi sani da "madaidaicin wutar lantarki".
Ayyukansa shine ƙara ƙarfin lantarki na yanzu na exciter lokacin da ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta ya kasance ƙasa da ƙimar da aka saita, wanda yayi daidai da haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari na babban na'ura mai juyi, yana haifar da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya tashi zuwa ƙimar da aka saita; A akasin wannan, rage tashin hankali halin yanzu kuma ba da damar ƙarfin lantarki ya ragu; Idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na janareta ya yi daidai da ƙimar da aka saita, AVR yana kula da abin da ake fitarwa ba tare da daidaitawa ba.
Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga dangantakar lokaci tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki, za a iya rarraba nauyin AC zuwa sassa uku:
Load mai juriya, inda halin yanzu ke cikin lokaci tare da ƙarfin lantarki da ake amfani da shi; Ƙaƙwalwar haɓakawa, lokaci na halin yanzu yana bayan ƙarfin lantarki; Capacitive load, lokaci na halin yanzu yana gaba da ƙarfin lantarki. A kwatankwacin halaye na kaya uku yana taimaka mana mafi kyawun fahimtar nauyin karfin.
Don kayan juriya, mafi girman nauyin, mafi girman ƙarfin halin yanzu da ake buƙata don babban na'ura mai juyi (domin daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta).
A cikin tattaunawa ta gaba, za mu yi amfani da motsin halin yanzu da ake buƙata don lodin juriya a matsayin ma'aunin tunani, wanda ke nufin cewa ana kiran waɗanda suka fi girma da girma; Mun kira shi karami fiye da shi.
Lokacin da nauyin janareta ya kasance inductive, babban na'ura na rotor zai buƙaci mafi girma halin yanzu na tashin hankali domin janareta ya kula da ingantaccen ƙarfin fitarwa.
Capacitive lodi
Lokacin da janareta ya ci karo da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin kuzarin da babban na’urar rotor ke buƙata ya zama ƙarami, wanda ke nufin cewa dole ne a rage ƙarfin kuzari don daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta.
Me yasa hakan ya faru?
Ya kamata mu har yanzu tuna cewa na yanzu a kan capacitive load ne gaba da irin ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma wadannan manyan igiyoyin ( gudana ta babban stator) za su haifar da induced halin yanzu a kan babban na'ura mai juyi, wanda ya faru da za a tabbatacce superimposed tare da excitation halin yanzu, inganta Magnetic filin na babban na'ura mai juyi. Don haka dole ne a rage halin yanzu daga exciter don kiyaye ingantaccen ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta.
Mafi girman nauyin capacitive, ƙananan fitarwa na exciter; Lokacin da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ya karu zuwa wani yanki, dole ne a rage fitar da kayan haɓaka zuwa sifili. Abubuwan da ake fitarwa na exciter shine sifili, wanda shine iyakar janareta; A wannan lokaci, ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta ba zai kasance mai tsayayye ba, kuma irin wannan nau'in samar da wutar lantarki bai cancanta ba. Wannan ƙayyadaddun kuma ana san shi da 'ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun tashin hankali'.
Mai janareta na iya karɓar iyakantaccen nauyi kawai; (Hakika, don ƙayyadadden janareta, akwai kuma iyakoki akan girman nauyin juriya ko inductive.)
Idan aikin yana damun aikin da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi, yana yiwuwa a zaɓi yin amfani da tushen wutar lantarki ta IT tare da ƙaramin ƙarfin kowane kilowatt, ko amfani da inductor don diyya. Kada ka bari saitin janareta yayi aiki kusa da yankin "ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan tashin hankali".
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-07-2023
